The sys.tables system catalog view in MS-SQL Server stores information about all tables in a database. Each row represents a table and includes columns with information such as:

• name: The name of the table.
• object_id: The ID of the table.
• principal_id: The ID of the principal that owns this table.
• schema_id: The ID of the schema that the table belongs to.
• parent_object_id: If this table is a table-valued function or a system table, this column contains the ID of the object that this table is associated with.
• type: The type of the table. For user tables, this is always ‘U’.
• type_desc: Description of the type of the table.
• create_date: The date the table was created.
• modify_date: The date the table was last modified.

And many more. You can find the full list of columns in the official Microsoft documentation.